Timber drying

Wood-water relations (properties of wood related to drying). Moist air properties, water evaporation. Drying kinetics of wood. Drying schedules. Transport processes in wood during drying (heat and water transfer). Stress development during drying. Drying defects. Drying standards incl. drying quality. Construction of drying kilns (batch and progressive). Kiln operation. Convective drying vs. less common drying methods. Air-drying (timber seasoning). Analysis of drying kinetics in batch dryers. Computer-based controlling systems of drying processes. Drying quality. Air-flow in batch dryers.